1. Goals of Nutrition Therapy in Nephrotic Syndrome A well-structured diet aims to: Reduce edema (swelling) Prevent protein malnutrition Manage high cholesterol Protect kidney function Control blood pressure Maintain electrolyte balance These goals guide the selection of nutrients and foods. 2. Protein Intake: Moderate, Not High People often assume that losing protein in urine means eating a lot of protein. However, too much protein strains the kidneys. The recommendation is moderate protein intake, usually 0.8–1.0 g/kg body weight/day unless otherwise directed by a clinician. Best Protein Sources: Skinless chicken, turkey Fish (especially oily fish in moderation) Eggs Plant proteins: beans, lentils (consider potassium/phosphorus levels) Low-fat dairy in controlled amounts Avoid Excess: Large amounts of red meat, processed meats, whey protein, and high-protein supplements. 3. Sodium (Salt) Restriction: Control Edema and Blood Pressure Sodium retention worsens swelling. A low-salt diet (2 g or less per day) is key. Strategies: Avoid adding salt during cooking and at the table Choose fresh foods instead of processed or canned foods Limit salty seasonings: stock cubes, soy sauce, salted fish, processed meats Read labels: aim for foods with <140 mg sodium per serving Better Alternatives: Herbs (garlic, ginger, thyme, rosemary) Lemon juice Fresh pepper and spices 4. Fluid Intake: Sometimes Restricted In many patients, fluids may need to be controlled, especially if edema is severe or urine output is low. Guidance depends on individual assessment by a healthcare provider. General tip: Monitor swelling and follow the doctor's advice for daily fluid limits. 5. Fat and Cholesterol Control: Reduce Heart Risks Nephrotic syndrome often raises cholesterol and triglyceride levels. A heart-healthy eating pattern helps lower cardiovascular risk. Choose: Healthy fats: olive oil, avocado (small amounts), nuts and seeds (as allowed) Oily fish twice a week Low-fat milk or plant-based alternatives Avoid or Limit: Fried foods Butter, margarine, lard Creamy soups and pastries Fast food 6. Potassium and Phosphorus: Adjust Based on Kidney Function If kidney function is normal, potassium and phosphorus are usually not restricted. However, if levels rise or if chronic kidney disease develops, adjustments are needed. High-Potassium Foods to Watch (if restricted): Banana, orange, avocado, tomatoes Sweet potatoes, cocoyam, plantain High-Phosphorus Foods: Dairy Nuts and seeds Dark cola drinks Organ meats Work with a dietitian for personalized guidance. 7. Carbohydrates: Maintain Energy Without Overloading the Kidneys Carbohydrates help meet energy needs so the body does not break down muscle for fuel. Choose: Whole grains (in moderation): brown rice, oats Root crops: yam, potatoes Fruits and vegetables (adjusted for potassium if needed) 8. Weight Management: Prevent Excess Weight Gain Swelling can mask true weight changes. A balanced diet and physical activity (when tolerated) help control weight and prevent stress on the kidneys. **9. Practical Meal Tips for Nephrotic Syndrome Steam, grill, or bake instead of frying Use fresh herbs for flavor instead of salt Portion protein moderately Include a vegetable in every meal Avoid over-reliance on canned or processed foods Limit sugary snacks, pastries, and heavy creamy foods Choose fresh fruit over juice **10. Sample One-Day Kidney-Friendly Meal Plan Breakfast Oats cooked in water with a splash of low-fat milk Boiled egg Apple or pear Lunch Grilled chicken breast Steamed rice Mixed vegetables seasoned with garlic and herbs Snack Unsalted popcorn or fruit (as allowed) Dinner Baked fish with lemon and pepper Steamed yam or potatoes Side salad with olive oil dressing Conclusion Nutrition plays an essential role in managing nephrotic syndrome. By focusing on moderate protein, low sodium, controlled fats, and balanced nutrients, individuals can reduce symptoms, protect heart health, and support better kidney function. Working closely with a dietitian ensures a customized plan that fits your health status and lifestyle.

Disclaimer & Credit: All medical articles including ours, are informative and provide population trends not specific to individuals which can be very different. Always seek personalized medical advice from your doctor for individual healthcare decisions.

Posted December 8, 2025